Dr. Kent E. Calder, Vice Dean of the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies and Director of the Reischauer Center for East Asian Studies, explained that there are three principal geographic battlefields in the U.S. 2020 presidential election: (1) the Sunbelt, where Hispanic votes are of increasing importance; (2) the Rust Belt, stretching across the heartland of America, on an east-west basis, from Pennsylvania to Iowa; and (3) the Appalachian mountains, extending north-south from Georgia to Pennsylvania. He emphasized that the outcomes in these three areas will likely cast their shadow on the coming presidential election.